1. Which part of a cell is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
Mitochondria release usable energy from food during cellular respiration.
2. Which plant tissue carries water and minerals from the roots to other parts of the plant?
Xylem transports water and dissolved minerals upward from the roots.
3. Which gas makes up the largest part of Earth’s atmosphere?
Nitrogen makes up about 78% of Earth’s atmosphere.
4. What is the outermost solid layer of Earth?
The crust is Earth’s thin, outermost solid layer.
5. Which instrument is used to measure atmospheric pressure?
A barometer measures atmospheric pressure.
6. What is the process by which water vapour changes into liquid water?
Condensation occurs when water vapour cools and changes into liquid water.
7. Which blood cells help the body fight infections?
White blood cells are important components of the immune system and help defend the body against infection.
8. Which force pulls objects toward Earth?
Earth’s gravitational force attracts objects toward its centre.
9. Which planet has the shortest year in our Solar System?
Mercury completes one revolution around the Sun in about 88 Earth days.
10. Which star is at the centre of our Solar System?
The Sun is the star at the centre of our Solar System.
11. Which ancient civilization developed along the Indus River and its surrounding regions?
The Indus Valley Civilization flourished in parts of present-day India and Pakistan.
12. The famous Great Bath was discovered at which Indus Valley Civilization site?
The Great Bath is one of the best-known structures discovered at Mohenjo-daro.
13. Who founded the Maurya Empire?
Chandragupta Maurya founded the Maurya Empire around the end of the 4th century BCE.
14. Which Mauryan emperor became strongly associated with Buddhism after the Kalinga War?
Ashoka’s experience after the Kalinga War influenced his support for Buddhism and non-violence.
15. Which Mughal emperor is known for an administration that included policies of religious tolerance?
Akbar developed policies that sought cooperation among different religious communities.
16. Which monument was commissioned by Shah Jahan in memory of Mumtaz Mahal?
Shah Jahan commissioned the Taj Mahal at Agra as a mausoleum for Mumtaz Mahal.
17. On which date did India become independent from British rule?
India became independent on 15 August 1947.
18. On which date did the Constitution of India come into effect?
The Constitution came into effect on 26 January 1950, celebrated as Republic Day.
19. Who served as chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly?
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar served as chairman of the Drafting Committee.
20. Who is popularly known in India as the Father of the Nation?
Mahatma Gandhi is widely referred to in India as the Father of the Nation.
21. Which important latitude passes through India?
The Tropic of Cancer passes through the central part of India.
22. Which is the largest continent in the world?
Asia is the largest continent by both area and population.
23. Which is the largest ocean on Earth?
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean on Earth.
24. Which type of map shows features such as mountains, rivers and plains?
Physical maps show natural features such as mountains, rivers and plains.
25. Which mountain system forms a major natural boundary along northern India?
The Himalayas extend across the northern part of the Indian subcontinent.
26. Which desert lies mainly in northwestern India?
The Thar Desert is located mainly in Rajasthan and extends into Pakistan.
27. Which is one of the major rivers of northern India?
The Ganga is one of the most important river systems of northern India.
28. Which imaginary line divides Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?
The Equator is at 0° latitude and divides Earth into two hemispheres.
29. Which line represents 0° longitude?
The Prime Meridian is defined as 0° longitude.
30. What is the capital of India?
New Delhi is the capital of India.
31. What is the blue wheel in the centre of the Indian national flag called?
The Ashoka Chakra has 24 spokes and appears in navy blue at the centre of the flag.
32. What is the national flower of India?
The lotus is India’s national flower.
33. What is the national animal of India?
The Bengal tiger is India’s national animal.
34. What is the national bird of India?
The Indian peacock is the national bird of India.
35. What is the national tree of India?
The banyan tree is India’s national tree.
36. What is the national song of India?
Vande Mataram, composed by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, is India’s national song.
37. What is the national anthem of India?
Jana Gana Mana is India’s national anthem, written by Rabindranath Tagore.
38. Which organ of government is primarily responsible for making laws?
The legislature makes laws, while the judiciary interprets laws and the executive implements them.
39. What is the supreme law of India?
The Constitution provides the fundamental framework for India’s government and legal system.
40. What type of government allows people to choose their representatives?
In a representative democracy, citizens choose representatives through elections.
41. Which process allows green plants to make food using sunlight?
During photosynthesis, green plants use light energy to make food from carbon dioxide and water.
42. Which green pigment helps plants absorb light for photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll is the green pigment that absorbs light energy in plants.
43. What is the loss of water vapour from plant leaves called?
Transpiration is the loss of water vapour from plant surfaces, mainly through stomata.
44. What do the three Rs of waste management stand for?
The three Rs encourage reducing waste, reusing useful items and recycling materials.
45. Solar energy is an example of which type of energy source?
Solar energy comes from sunlight, which is naturally replenished.
46. What shows how energy and food pass from one organism to another?
A food chain represents the transfer of food and energy between organisms.
47. Which organisms break down dead plants and animals?
Decomposers such as many fungi and bacteria break down dead organic matter.
48. What term describes the variety of living organisms in an area?
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life, including different species, genes and ecosystems.
49. Which protected area is established to conserve wildlife and natural habitats?
National parks are protected areas established to conserve ecosystems and wildlife.
50. Which gas is released by green plants during photosynthesis?
Oxygen is released as a by-product of photosynthesis.
51. Which is the largest known animal on Earth?
The blue whale is the largest known animal, with adults reaching enormous sizes.
52. Which is the fastest land animal?
The cheetah is the fastest land animal over short distances.
53. A frog belongs to which group of animals?
Frogs are amphibians because their life cycle commonly includes aquatic and terrestrial stages.
54. A snake belongs to which group of animals?
Snakes are reptiles and have characteristics such as scales and ectothermic body temperature regulation.
55. Which animal is famous for carrying its young in a pouch?
Kangaroos are marsupials, and females carry developing young in a pouch.
56. Which bird cannot fly but is an excellent swimmer?
Penguins are flightless birds adapted for swimming.
57. Which insect produces honey?
Honeybees produce honey from nectar collected from flowers.
58. What are animals that mainly eat plants called?
Herbivores are animals whose diets mainly consist of plants or plant material.
59. Animals that eat both plant and animal food are called what?
Omnivores consume both plant-based and animal-based foods.
60. Which organs do fish mainly use to obtain oxygen from water?
Fish use gills to extract dissolved oxygen from water.
61. How many recognized planets are there in our Solar System?
There are eight recognized planets in the Solar System.
62. Which is the largest planet in our Solar System?
Jupiter is the largest planet in the Solar System by diameter and mass.
63. Which planet is especially famous for its prominent ring system?
Saturn has a spectacular and easily visible system of rings made mainly of ice and rocky particles.
64. Which planet is commonly called the Blue Planet?
Earth appears blue from space largely because its surface contains extensive oceans.
65. What is Earth’s natural satellite?
The Moon is Earth’s natural satellite and orbits Earth.
66. What is the spinning of Earth on its own axis called?
Earth rotates around its own axis, producing the cycle of day and night.
67. What is Earth’s movement around the Sun called?
Earth revolves around the Sun once approximately every 365.25 days.
68. Which force keeps planets in orbit around the Sun?
The Sun’s gravity provides the force that keeps planets in their orbits.
69. Which form of energy allows us to see objects?
Vision occurs when light from a source or reflected from an object reaches our eyes.
70. Which form of energy is produced by vibrating objects and can travel through a medium?
Sound is produced by vibrations and travels through a material medium.
71. In which sport are a bat, ball and wickets used?
Cricket is played using a bat, ball and wickets.
72. How many players from one football team are normally on the field at the start of a match?
A standard football team has 11 players on the field, including the goalkeeper.
73. Which famous tennis tournament is played in London?
Wimbledon is the famous grass-court tennis tournament held in London.
74. Which board game is played on a board containing 64 squares?
Chess is played on an 8 × 8 board containing 64 squares.
75. Which running event covers a distance of 42.195 kilometres?
The official marathon distance is 42.195 kilometres.
76. Which sport uses a racket and a shuttlecock?
Badminton is played with rackets and a shuttlecock.
77. Which major international sporting event has separate Summer and Winter editions?
The Olympic Games are held as Summer and Winter Olympic Games.
78. Which sport is traditionally played using sticks, a ball and goals?
Field hockey uses sticks to control a ball and score goals.
79. Which Indian chess player became World Chess Champion in 2007?
Viswanathan Anand won the undisputed World Chess Championship title in 2007.
80. Which Indian athlete won Olympic gold in men’s javelin throw at Tokyo 2020?
Neeraj Chopra won India’s first Olympic athletics gold medal in men’s javelin at Tokyo 2020.
81. What does CPU stand for?
CPU stands for Central Processing Unit, which executes instructions and processes data.
82. Which device is commonly used to enter letters and numbers into a computer?
A keyboard is an input device used to enter letters, numbers and commands.
83. Which computer device displays text, pictures and videos?
A monitor is an output device that displays visual information from a computer.
84. What is the worldwide system of interconnected computer networks called?
The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks.
85. What does WWW stand for?
WWW stands for World Wide Web, a system of interlinked resources accessed over the Internet.
86. Which online service helps users find information on the web using search queries?
A search engine helps users locate information and web pages based on search queries.
87. Which should be kept private to help protect an online account?
A strong password should be kept private and not shared with other people.
88. Which device produces a paper copy of a digital document?
A printer produces a physical paper copy of digital information.
89. Which small portable device is commonly used to store and transfer computer files?
A USB flash drive is a portable storage device used to save and transfer files.
90. What does AI stand for?
AI stands for Artificial Intelligence, a field involving computer systems performing tasks associated with human intelligence.
91. How many centimetres are there in one metre?
One metre equals 100 centimetres.
92. How many metres are there in one kilometre?
One kilometre equals 1,000 metres.
93. How many seconds are there in one minute?
One minute contains 60 seconds.
94. How many hours are there in one day?
A standard day contains 24 hours.
95. Which healthcare professional diagnoses and treats illnesses?
Doctors are trained healthcare professionals who diagnose and treat illnesses and injuries.
96. Which professional is trained to respond to fires and rescue people from dangerous situations?
Firefighters respond to fires and other emergencies and may perform rescues.
97. Who operates an aircraft during a flight?
A pilot is trained and licensed to operate an aircraft.
98. Which colour on a standard traffic signal means stop?
Red traffic lights indicate that road users should stop.
99. What is a marked pedestrian crossing commonly called?
A zebra crossing is a marked area where pedestrians can cross a road.
100. What is the immediate basic care given to an injured or ill person before professional medical help arrives?
First aid is the immediate basic care provided before professional medical treatment is available.