Indian Polity MCQ | General Knowledge
Test your knowledge with these 100 Indian Polity MCQs with answers and explanations. This collection covers important topics such as the Indian Constitution, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles, Fundamental Duties, Parliament, President, Prime Minister, Supreme Court, High Courts, elections, constitutional bodies, local government and other important aspects of Indian polity. These Indian Polity questions are useful for students, competitive exam preparation, quizzes and quick revision.
Q1. When was the Constitution of India adopted?
A. 15 August 1947
B. 26 November 1949
C. 26 January 1950
D. 9 December 1946
View Answer
The Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution of India on 26 November 1949.
Q2. When did the Constitution of India come into force?
A. 15 August 1947
B. 26 November 1949
C. 26 January 1950
D. 2 October 1950
View Answer
The Constitution came into force on 26 January 1950, which is celebrated as Republic Day.
Q3. Who was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly?
A. Jawaharlal Nehru
B. Dr. Rajendra Prasad
C. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
D. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
View Answer
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar served as Chairman of the Drafting Committee.
Q4. Who was the first President of India?
A. Dr. S. Radhakrishnan
B. Dr. Rajendra Prasad
C. Jawaharlal Nehru
D. Dr. Zakir Husain
View Answer
Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the first President of independent India and served two terms.
Q5. Which part of the Constitution deals with Fundamental Rights?
A. Part II
B. Part III
C. Part IV
D. Part V
View Answer
Fundamental Rights are contained in Part III of the Constitution, mainly Articles 12 to 35.
Q6. Which Article guarantees equality before law?
A. Article 14
B. Article 17
C. Article 19
D. Article 21
View Answer
Article 14 guarantees equality before the law and equal protection of the laws.
Q7. Which Article deals with protection of life and personal liberty?
A. Article 19
B. Article 20
C. Article 21
D. Article 22
View Answer
Article 21 protects life and personal liberty according to the procedure established by law.
Q8. Which Fundamental Right was described by Dr. Ambedkar as the “heart and soul” of the Constitution?
A. Right to Equality
B. Right to Freedom
C. Right to Constitutional Remedies
D. Right against Exploitation
View Answer
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar described Article 32, which provides the Right to Constitutional Remedies, as the heart and soul of the Constitution.
Q9. Which Article abolishes untouchability?
A. Article 14
B. Article 15
C. Article 17
D. Article 18
View Answer
Article 17 abolishes untouchability and prohibits its practice in any form.
Q10. Which Fundamental Right protects freedom of speech and expression?
A. Article 14
B. Article 19
C. Article 21
D. Article 25
View Answer
Article 19 guarantees several freedoms to citizens, including freedom of speech and expression, subject to constitutional restrictions.
Q11. How many Fundamental Duties are currently included in the Constitution?
A. 9
B. 10
C. 11
D. 12
View Answer
The Constitution currently contains 11 Fundamental Duties under Article 51A.
Q12. Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution by which amendment?
A. 24th Amendment
B. 42nd Amendment
C. 44th Amendment
D. 73rd Amendment
View Answer
The 42nd Constitutional Amendment of 1976 added Fundamental Duties to the Constitution.
Q13. Which amendment added the 11th Fundamental Duty?
A. 42nd Amendment
B. 44th Amendment
C. 73rd Amendment
D. 86th Amendment
View Answer
The 86th Amendment added the duty of parents or guardians to provide educational opportunities to children between 6 and 14 years of age.
Q14. Which part of the Constitution contains the Directive Principles of State Policy?
A. Part III
B. Part IV
C. Part IV-A
D. Part V
View Answer
The Directive Principles of State Policy are contained in Part IV of the Constitution.
Q15. The Directive Principles of State Policy were inspired mainly by the Constitution of which country?
A. United States
B. Ireland
C. Canada
D. Australia
View Answer
The idea of Directive Principles of State Policy was borrowed from the Constitution of Ireland.
Q16. Which part of the Constitution deals with Fundamental Duties?
A. Part III
B. Part IV
C. Part IV-A
D. Part V
View Answer
Fundamental Duties are contained in Part IV-A of the Constitution under Article 51A.
Q17. Who is the constitutional head of the Union of India?
A. Prime Minister
B. President
C. Chief Justice of India
D. Home Minister
View Answer
The President is the constitutional head of the Union, while executive power is exercised in accordance with the Constitution through the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.
Q18. Who is the real executive head of the Union government?
A. President
B. Prime Minister
C. Vice-President
D. Speaker
View Answer
The Prime Minister heads the Council of Ministers and is the principal executive authority in the parliamentary system.
Q19. What is the minimum age required to become the President of India?
A. 25 years
B. 30 years
C. 35 years
D. 40 years
View Answer
A person must be at least 35 years old to be eligible for election as President of India.
Q20. What is the normal term of office of the President of India?
A. 4 years
B. 5 years
C. 6 years
D. 7 years
View Answer
The President normally holds office for five years from the date of entering office.
Q21. Who elects the President of India?
A. All citizens directly
B. Members of Parliament only
C. Elected MPs and elected MLAs
D. Governors and MPs
View Answer
The President is elected by an electoral college consisting of elected members of both Houses of Parliament and elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of the states and certain Union Territories.
Q22. Who is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha?
A. President
B. Prime Minister
C. Vice-President
D. Speaker of Lok Sabha
View Answer
The Vice-President of India serves as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
Q23. What is the minimum age to become the Vice-President of India?
A. 25 years
B. 30 years
C. 35 years
D. 40 years
View Answer
The minimum age for election as Vice-President is 35 years.
Q24. Who appoints the Prime Minister of India?
A. Chief Justice of India
B. President
C. Lok Sabha Speaker
D. Vice-President
View Answer
The President appoints the Prime Minister, normally the leader of the majority party or coalition in the Lok Sabha.
Q25. The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to which House?
A. Rajya Sabha
B. Lok Sabha
C. Both Houses equally
D. President
View Answer
Under the parliamentary system, the Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha.
Q26. Who is the highest law officer of India?
A. Solicitor General
B. Attorney General
C. Chief Justice of India
D. Law Minister
View Answer
The Attorney General of India is the highest law officer of the Union government.
Q27. Who appoints the Attorney General of India?
A. Prime Minister
B. President
C. Chief Justice of India
D. Parliament
View Answer
The President appoints the Attorney General under Article 76 of the Constitution.
Q28. Which is the lower House of Parliament?
A. Rajya Sabha
B. Lok Sabha
C. Legislative Assembly
D. Legislative Council
View Answer
The Lok Sabha is the House of the People and is the lower House of Parliament.
Q29. Which is the upper House of Parliament?
A. Lok Sabha
B. Rajya Sabha
C. Legislative Assembly
D. Gram Sabha
View Answer
The Rajya Sabha is the Council of States and is the upper House of Parliament.
Q30. Which House of Parliament is a permanent House?
A. Lok Sabha
B. Rajya Sabha
C. Both Houses
D. Neither House
View Answer
The Rajya Sabha is a permanent House and is not subject to dissolution. One-third of its members retire every two years.
Q31. What is the normal term of the Lok Sabha?
A. 4 years
B. 5 years
C. 6 years
D. 7 years
View Answer
The normal term of the Lok Sabha is five years unless dissolved earlier.
Q32. What is the minimum age for becoming a member of the Lok Sabha?
A. 18 years
B. 21 years
C. 25 years
D. 30 years
View Answer
A person must be at least 25 years old to be eligible for membership of the Lok Sabha.
Q33. What is the minimum age for becoming a member of the Rajya Sabha?
A. 25 years
B. 30 years
C. 35 years
D. 40 years
View Answer
A person must be at least 30 years old to be eligible for membership of the Rajya Sabha.
Q34. Who presides over the Lok Sabha?
A. President
B. Vice-President
C. Speaker
D. Prime Minister
View Answer
The Speaker is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha.
Q35. Who presides over a joint sitting of Parliament?
A. President
B. Vice-President
C. Speaker of Lok Sabha
D. Prime Minister
View Answer
The Speaker of the Lok Sabha presides over a joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament.
Q36. A Money Bill can be introduced only in which House?
A. Rajya Sabha
B. Lok Sabha
C. Either House
D. Joint sitting
View Answer
A Money Bill can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha and requires the President’s recommendation for introduction.
Q37. Who decides whether a bill is a Money Bill?
A. President
B. Prime Minister
C. Speaker of Lok Sabha
D. Chairman of Rajya Sabha
View Answer
The decision of the Speaker of the Lok Sabha on whether a bill is a Money Bill is constitutionally significant and is certified by the Speaker.
Q38. How long can the Rajya Sabha keep a Money Bill?
A. 7 days
B. 14 days
C. 30 days
D. 60 days
View Answer
The Rajya Sabha must return a Money Bill to the Lok Sabha within 14 days with its recommendations.
Q39. Who summons the sessions of Parliament?
A. Prime Minister
B. President
C. Speaker
D. Parliamentary Affairs Minister
View Answer
The President summons Parliament from time to time, subject to the constitutional requirement regarding the maximum gap between sessions.
Q40. What is the maximum gap allowed between two sessions of Parliament?
A. 3 months
B. 4 months
C. 6 months
D. 1 year
View Answer
The Constitution requires that six months should not intervene between the last sitting of one session and the first sitting of the next session.
Q41. Which Article deals with the constitutional amendment procedure?
A. Article 32
B. Article 123
C. Article 368
D. Article 356
View Answer
Article 368 provides the constitutional framework for amendment of the Constitution.
Q42. Which amendment lowered the voting age from 21 to 18 years?
A. 42nd Amendment
B. 44th Amendment
C. 61st Amendment
D. 73rd Amendment
View Answer
The 61st Constitutional Amendment Act, 1988 lowered the voting age from 21 to 18 years.
Q43. Which constitutional amendment is known as the “Mini Constitution”?
A. 24th Amendment
B. 42nd Amendment
C. 44th Amendment
D. 73rd Amendment
View Answer
The 42nd Amendment made extensive changes to several parts of the Constitution and is therefore popularly called the Mini Constitution.
Q44. Which amendment is associated with restoration of several civil liberties after the Emergency?
A. 42nd Amendment
B. 44th Amendment
C. 52nd Amendment
D. 61st Amendment
View Answer
The 44th Amendment made several changes after the Emergency period, including strengthening safeguards relating to certain Fundamental Rights.
Q45. Which Schedule contains the list of recognized languages of India?
A. Fifth Schedule
B. Sixth Schedule
C. Eighth Schedule
D. Tenth Schedule
View Answer
The Eighth Schedule contains the Constitution’s list of recognized languages.
Q46. How many languages are currently included in the Eighth Schedule?
A. 18
B. 20
C. 22
D. 24
View Answer
The Eighth Schedule currently contains 22 languages.
Q47. Which Schedule deals with allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha?
A. First Schedule
B. Second Schedule
C. Fourth Schedule
D. Fifth Schedule
View Answer
The Fourth Schedule deals with allocation of seats in the Council of States.
Q48. Which Schedule contains provisions related to anti-defection?
A. Seventh Schedule
B. Eighth Schedule
C. Ninth Schedule
D. Tenth Schedule
View Answer
The Tenth Schedule contains the anti-defection provisions.
Q49. The anti-defection law was introduced by which amendment?
A. 42nd Amendment
B. 44th Amendment
C. 52nd Amendment
D. 73rd Amendment
View Answer
The 52nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1985 introduced the anti-defection law.
Q50. Which Schedule contains the Union, State and Concurrent Lists?
A. Fifth Schedule
B. Sixth Schedule
C. Seventh Schedule
D. Eighth Schedule
View Answer
The Seventh Schedule contains the Union List, State List and Concurrent List.
Q51. Which body conducts elections in India?
A. Union Public Service Commission
B. Election Commission of India
C. Parliament
D. Supreme Court
View Answer
The Election Commission of India is the constitutional authority responsible for conducting and supervising elections to Parliament, state legislatures and the offices of President and Vice-President.
Q52. Which Article provides for the Election Commission of India?
A. Article 280
B. Article 324
C. Article 315
D. Article 148
View Answer
Article 324 provides for the Election Commission and its constitutional powers.
Q53. Who appoints the Chief Election Commissioner of India?
A. Prime Minister
B. Parliament
C. President
D. Chief Justice of India
View Answer
The Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners are appointed by the President according to the constitutional and statutory framework.
Q54. Which constitutional body conducts the Civil Services Examination?
A. Election Commission
B. UPSC
C. Finance Commission
D. CAG
View Answer
The Union Public Service Commission conducts examinations for recruitment to various central services, including the Civil Services Examination.
Q55. Which Article provides for the Union Public Service Commission?
A. Article 280
B. Article 315
C. Article 324
D. Article 338
View Answer
Article 315 provides for a Public Service Commission for the Union and for each state.
Q56. Who is known as the guardian of the Constitution?
A. Parliament
B. President
C. Supreme Court
D. Election Commission
View Answer
The Supreme Court plays a central role in protecting the Constitution through judicial review and constitutional interpretation.
Q57. Which is the highest court in India?
A. Delhi High Court
B. Supreme Court
C. Constitutional Court
D. District Court
View Answer
The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial authority in the country.
Q58. Who appoints the Chief Justice of India?
A. Prime Minister
B. President
C. Parliament
D. Vice-President
View Answer
The Chief Justice of India is formally appointed by the President of India.
Q59. What is the retirement age of a Supreme Court judge?
A. 60 years
B. 62 years
C. 65 years
D. 70 years
View Answer
A judge of the Supreme Court retires at the age of 65.
Q60. What is the retirement age of a High Court judge?
A. 60 years
B. 62 years
C. 65 years
D. 70 years
View Answer
A judge of a High Court retires at the age of 62.
Q61. Which writ is issued to produce a person who has been unlawfully detained?
A. Mandamus
B. Habeas Corpus
C. Certiorari
D. Quo Warranto
View Answer
Habeas Corpus is used to challenge unlawful detention and requires the detained person to be brought before the court.
Q62. Which writ means “We command”?
A. Habeas Corpus
B. Mandamus
C. Prohibition
D. Certiorari
View Answer
Mandamus literally means “we command” and is issued to direct a public authority to perform a legal duty.
Q63. Which writ is used to prevent a lower court from exceeding its jurisdiction?
A. Prohibition
B. Habeas Corpus
C. Mandamus
D. Quo Warranto
View Answer
The writ of Prohibition prevents a lower court or tribunal from continuing proceedings beyond its jurisdiction.
Q64. Which writ is used to question the legality of a person’s claim to a public office?
A. Mandamus
B. Habeas Corpus
C. Quo Warranto
D. Prohibition
View Answer
Quo Warranto means “by what authority” and is used to challenge unlawful occupation of a public office.
Q65. Which Article gives the Supreme Court power to issue writs for enforcement of Fundamental Rights?
A. Article 14
B. Article 21
C. Article 32
D. Article 226
View Answer
Article 32 empowers the Supreme Court to issue writs for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
Q66. Which Article empowers High Courts to issue writs?
A. Article 32
B. Article 136
C. Article 226
D. Article 227
View Answer
Article 226 empowers High Courts to issue writs for enforcement of Fundamental Rights and for other purposes.
Q67. Which institution is the final interpreter of the Constitution?
A. Parliament
B. Supreme Court
C. President
D. Election Commission
View Answer
The Supreme Court has the final authority to interpret constitutional provisions in judicial proceedings.
Q68. Who appoints the Governor of a state?
A. Chief Minister
B. President
C. Prime Minister
D. Chief Justice of High Court
View Answer
The Governor of a state is appointed by the President of India.
Q69. What is the normal term of office of a Governor?
A. 3 years
B. 4 years
C. 5 years
D. 6 years
View Answer
The Governor normally holds office for five years, subject to the pleasure of the President.
Q70. Who appoints the Chief Minister of a state?
A. President
B. Governor
C. Prime Minister
D. Chief Justice
View Answer
The Governor appoints the Chief Minister, normally the leader who commands majority support in the Legislative Assembly.
Q71. The Council of Ministers in a state is collectively responsible to which House?
A. Legislative Council
B. Legislative Assembly
C. Parliament
D. Governor
View Answer
The state Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Legislative Assembly.
Q72. Which state legislature is known as Vidhan Sabha?
A. Legislative Council
B. Legislative Assembly
C. Parliament
D. State Council
View Answer
Vidhan Sabha is the Hindi name commonly used for the Legislative Assembly of a state.
Q73. Which state legislature is known as Vidhan Parishad?
A. Legislative Assembly
B. Legislative Council
C. Gram Sabha
D. Parliament
View Answer
Vidhan Parishad is the Hindi term for a State Legislative Council.
Q74. Which amendment gave constitutional status to Panchayati Raj institutions?
A. 42nd Amendment
B. 61st Amendment
C. 73rd Amendment
D. 74th Amendment
View Answer
The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 gave constitutional status to Panchayati Raj institutions.
Q75. Which amendment gave constitutional status to urban local bodies?
A. 73rd Amendment
B. 74th Amendment
C. 86th Amendment
D. 91st Amendment
View Answer
The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 provided constitutional recognition to urban local bodies.
Q76. Which body works at the village level in the Panchayati Raj system?
A. Zila Parishad
B. Gram Panchayat
C. Municipal Corporation
D. Panchayat Samiti
View Answer
The Gram Panchayat is the elected local government body at the village level.
Q77. Which is the intermediate level of Panchayati Raj?
A. Gram Panchayat
B. Panchayat Samiti
C. Zila Parishad
D. Gram Sabha
View Answer
The Panchayat Samiti generally functions at the intermediate or block level.
Q78. Which is the highest level of Panchayati Raj?
A. Gram Panchayat
B. Panchayat Samiti
C. Zila Parishad
D. Gram Sabha
View Answer
The Zila Parishad generally functions at the district level and forms the highest tier of the three-tier Panchayati Raj structure.
Q79. The 74th Constitutional Amendment deals mainly with:
A. Panchayats
B. Municipalities
C. Fundamental Duties
D. Elections
View Answer
The 74th Amendment deals with urban local government institutions such as municipalities.
Q80. Which constitutional body recommends the distribution of tax revenues between the Centre and states?
A. Election Commission
B. Finance Commission
C. UPSC
D. NITI Aayog
View Answer
The Finance Commission recommends the distribution of certain tax revenues between the Union and the states.
Q81. Which Article provides for the Finance Commission?
A. Article 280
B. Article 281
C. Article 315
D. Article 324
View Answer
Article 280 provides for the constitution of a Finance Commission.
Q82. Who audits the accounts of the Union and state governments?
A. Finance Commission
B. Comptroller and Auditor General
C. RBI
D. UPSC
View Answer
The Comptroller and Auditor General of India audits government accounts and reports to the legislature.
Q83. Which Article provides for the Comptroller and Auditor General of India?
A. Article 148
B. Article 280
C. Article 315
D. Article 324
View Answer
Article 148 provides for the office of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
Q84. Who appoints the Comptroller and Auditor General of India?
A. Prime Minister
B. President
C. Parliament
D. Chief Justice of India
View Answer
The CAG is appointed by the President of India.
Q85. Which body replaced the Planning Commission?
A. Finance Commission
B. NITI Aayog
C. Economic Advisory Council
D. GST Council
View Answer
NITI Aayog replaced the Planning Commission in 2015.
Q86. Which Article deals with the proclamation of National Emergency?
A. Article 352
B. Article 356
C. Article 360
D. Article 365
View Answer
Article 352 deals with the proclamation of a National Emergency.
Q87. Which Article deals with President’s Rule in a state?
A. Article 352
B. Article 356
C. Article 360
D. Article 365
View Answer
Article 356 provides for action when the government of a state cannot be carried on in accordance with the Constitution.
Q88. Which Article deals with Financial Emergency?
A. Article 352
B. Article 356
C. Article 360
D. Article 365
View Answer
Article 360 provides for a Financial Emergency.
Q89. How many types of emergency are mentioned in the Constitution?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
View Answer
The Constitution provides for National Emergency, President’s Rule in states and Financial Emergency.
Q90. Which Fundamental Right cannot be suspended even during a National Emergency?
A. Right to Equality
B. Right to Freedom
C. Protection in respect of conviction for offences and protection of life and personal liberty
D. Right to Property
View Answer
Articles 20 and 21 cannot be suspended through an Emergency proclamation under the present constitutional framework.
Q91. Which Article declares India to be a Union of States?
A. Article 1
B. Article 2
C. Article 3
D. Article 4
View Answer
Article 1 states that India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States.
Q92. Which Article deals with formation of new states and alteration of areas or boundaries?
A. Article 1
B. Article 2
C. Article 3
D. Article 4
View Answer
Article 3 empowers Parliament to form new states and alter the areas, boundaries or names of existing states, subject to the constitutional procedure.
Q93. Which amendment added the words “Socialist” and “Secular” to the Preamble?
A. 24th Amendment
B. 42nd Amendment
C. 44th Amendment
D. 52nd Amendment
View Answer
The words “Socialist” and “Secular” were added to the Preamble by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment in 1976.
Q94. Which words were added to the Preamble by the 42nd Amendment along with “Socialist” and “Secular”?
A. Democratic
B. Republic
C. Integrity
D. Justice
View Answer
The word “Integrity” was added to the Preamble by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment.
Q95. The Preamble declares India to be a:
A. Monarchy
B. Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic
C. Federal Monarchy
D. Socialist Monarchy
View Answer
The Preamble describes India as a Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic.
Q96. Which country has the world’s longest written constitution?
A. United States
B. India
C. United Kingdom
D. Canada
View Answer
The Constitution of India is widely regarded as the world’s longest written national constitution.
Q97. Which country inspired the Indian parliamentary system?
A. United States
B. United Kingdom
C. Ireland
D. France
View Answer
India adopted several features of its parliamentary system from the British constitutional tradition.
Q98. Which country inspired the Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution?
A. United States
B. Ireland
C. Canada
D. Australia
View Answer
The idea of Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution was inspired significantly by the United States Constitution.
Q99. Which country inspired the idea of a federation with a strong Centre in the Indian Constitution?
A. Canada
B. France
C. Japan
D. Germany
View Answer
Several federal features, including a federation with a strong Centre, were influenced by the Canadian constitutional model.
Q100. Which Article is associated with the Right to Education?
A. Article 19A
B. Article 21A
C. Article 25A
D. Article 32A
View Answer
Article 21A provides for free and compulsory education for children between 6 and 14 years of age.
These 100 Indian Polity MCQs with answers and explanations provide a useful revision of important constitutional and political concepts, including Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties, Parliament, President, Prime Minister, judiciary, elections, constitutional bodies, Panchayati Raj, emergencies and other important aspects of Indian polity. Regular practice of Indian Polity questions can help strengthen your understanding of the Constitution and improve your performance in general knowledge and competitive examinations. Keep practicing more MCQs on PrepTara to build your knowledge and prepare with confidence.
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